At the forefront of the
underground movement of the 1960s and 70s, the satirical magazine and hippie
handbook Oz stood as a monument to
psychedelia and at its center was co-editor Richard Neville. In Hippie Hippie
Shake, the “hugely enjoyable” (Time
Out) memoir of the magazine’s radical history, coming in paperback this
month from Overlook, Neville relives the dreams, trips, trials, love-ins, and
screw ups of the era in an “entrancingly wicked account of the greatest decade
ever” (Marie Claire).
To celebrate the
release of the new paperback edition, featuring a chapter on the legacy of
flower power a generation later, we chatted with Neville about the origins of Oz, sixties nostalgia, and youth culture
in the age of social media. Check out the full interview below.
OP: The famous Oz obscenity case, which issue 28, “Schoolkids
Oz,” was the subject of, was not the first time authority figures took issue
with Oz; it caused trouble from its
inception, with issue 1 leading to a court summons for “publishing an obscene
magazine.” Did you mean for the magazine to get this sort of attention? Did you
expect it to? What were your initial objectives when first imagining Oz?
RN: Oz magazine was launched in Sydney in
1963 by three students fed up with the deep dull conservatism of post war
Australia. In our eyes, the somber oldies running the nation were stuck in the
distant past, traumatized by the horrors of war, fearful of new ideas. Fine
books with a raffish air were banned from distribution (DH Lawrence, Henry
Miller, etc). European movies were censored and Australia’s indigenous people
were banned from voting.
As the sixties dawned,
a new generation kicked up its heels –TV, rock ‘n’ roll, drive-in movies and the
contraceptive pill changed the culture. Oz
mag did not specifically set out to flout the law. It was more a matter having
fun and satirizing the establishment. Government dullards were furious and
tried to jail us, but a new generation laughed in their faces and won the day.
As the sixties unfolded life improved, and a new mood spread across boundaries.
A Youth Quake. When the Berkeley Free Speech movement hotted up, we sent the
protestors a bundle of Ozes. When the
Beatles and Rolling Stones hit Sydney, our girlfriends slept with them. By
1967, Oz magazine had moved to London
and the rest is history.
OP: What prompted
and/or inspired you to delve into Oz’s
dramatic history more than two decades after the zine’s final issue?
RN: In 1972 when the Oz trials ground to an end, I fled to
America and immersed myself in the counter culture, just as it was slowly
falling apart. Fun, travel, adventure was my goal and I eventually wound Oz
down. In the eighties I re-settled in Sydney with my wife and we had two
daughters, and I became a radical commentator on TV and in the mass media. In
the early nineties I stumbled across a bunch of scrapbooks in the attic
relating to the London Oz trials, and
was amazed by the extent of its impact. Memories flooded back. It was time to
spill the beans.
OP: The 60s are often
viewed nostalgically, as a time of free love, great music, and revolutionary
thinking. Do you think the media and society have created a skewed image of the
period? Is there a darker, more complicated side to hippiedom that has been
glossed over in the face of sentimentality?
RN: Yes, Hippiedom had
its dark zones. Sexism was the biggest, as my daughters keep telling me.
Feminism got going in the sixties but it took another generation before it
started to seep in. Apart from that, rough types seized on the feathers and
bongs to portray a cool attitude and disguise their motives. Stuff got stolen
and pedophiles had an easy time. In the underground press, the funds could
vanish in the blink of an eyelid. Peace and love could be turned on its head,
as demonstrated by the antics of Charles Manson and the British maverick,
Michael X, who “loved Hippies” and was hanged for manslaughter.
OP: Are you ever
surprised by what is acceptable in publishing today compared to what was
considered indecent and obscene in the 60s?
RN: These days it’s
rather hard to be surprised by a book, any book, unless it’s truly brilliant.
OP: How do you think Oz would be received in today’s culture
and by today’s youth?
RN: Kinda weird,
probably. Too simplistic politically, too sexist. Visually brilliant -
Guttenberg dressed in Day-Glo.
OP: In a social
media-saturated culture, the millenials are depicted as apathetic and too
plugged in or, conversely, as starting Twitter and Facebook “revolutions.”
Which depiction do you view as most accurate? How does 21st century youth
compare to the hippies, zine makers, and revolution starters of the 60s?
RN: For reasons I don’t
understand, I have not been drawn to the Facebook/Twitter “revolutions,” but I
respect the impact such media has achieved in igniting the Arab Spring. Yet at
the heart of these innovations lies a corporation. Also, according to Julian
Assange, the files of Facebook pages remain forever on display in Washington
for all the surveillance agencies to peruse at their leisure. How do the 21st century
activists compare to Hippies, etc? Much
better educated, globally aware, savvy innovators, gadget crazy. Occupy Wall
Street seemed so promising, yet it rapidly faded away. I’m sure it will be
back.
OP: Your new afterword
discusses the hippie legacy and its strengthening effect on 21st century ideas
and ideals (i.e. an increase in global and environmental awareness). In your
preface you say the grip of materialism on society might be loosening. Both
these statements suggest hope for the future; have you sustained this optimism?
RN: My mood swings. Way
back in the fifties, the French Situationists maintained that the project of
capitalism is the annihilation of nature. From Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring to James Hansen’s latest blog,
the warnings continue—mostly to deaf ears. Despite all that we’ve heard, the
beat and the bling dazzles our senses. Most of us live out our days obsessing
over the trivia of popular culture, while a minority can see the icecaps melting. We’re
in a race between self-discovery and self-destruction. My last joint is hidden
in a tree house.
